We think your science building can move a third less air.

Thole Ansty's notebook for Bellwick University, left behind after the shortlist interview. The hypothesis, the method and the results are all here, and you can rerun them.

Thole Ansty Architects
Bellwick University
New Science Building
Book
1 of 1
Entry
TA-2611-BU
Site
Quarry Lawn, north end
Gross area
148,000 sf
82,080cfm of lab air
167kBtu per sf a year

Anvers Hall burns its budget on air it throws away.

A chemistry lab can't reuse its air. Every cubic foot is heated or cooled once, pulled across the bench and pushed out the roof. That one fact decides what a science building costs for the next fifty years, so it's where we started.

1We read the university's brief three times and the fear was the same each time. Nobody wants a handsome building that eats the energy budget and goes dark at five. So the opening claim is a number the VP Facilities can test, stated as a hypothesis, the way the faculty on this committee were trained to read.
Anvers Hall has been renovated as far as it can go.Shortlist brief, section 1
Students should see science from the path, not only from inside a lab.Provost, interview, November 4
$124M of construction, doors open for fall 2031.Shortlist brief, section 4
This building must not be the reason we miss 2040.Campus Sustainability Lead, interview
ObservationAnvers Hall, 1962Our targetWhat it means
Energy use, kBtu per sf a year241128nearly half, in a building twice as big
Air changes an hour, occupied labs146your safety office has the final word
Teaching labs712shared across departments
Lab seats a week9403,456the fully booked ceiling, past your 2031 plan

Three moves, each one testable.

The design approach in a sentence each. Stack by air and by hours, then keep the quietest work on the rock.

Chemistry goes on top

Shortest duct to the roof means the least fan power, and hoods stay out of the floors that don't need them. Fewer hoods, grouped in shared alcoves, set the size of the whole air system.

Teaching sits in the middle, shared

Twelve labs booked by the registrar, not by a department. Glass faces the path so a first-year walking to class can see titration at 8 p.m.

Instruments sit on the rock

NMR and microscopy go below grade on an isolated slab, the one place on Quarry Lawn where a passing truck doesn't show up in the data.

Thole Ansty for BellwickBook 1, page 3

Run the experiment yourself.

Change the lab module, the hoods and the air changes. The section redraws, the air moves, and the numbers below are the ones our engineers would give you.

2The signature drawing is the page's largest object because the argument is physical. Every control changes the drawing. Wider modules push the building longer, hoods appear on the floors, air changes add diffusers and fatten the risers, and the penthouse grows to hold the fans. Nobody on this committee needs to take the claim on faith.
cfm of lab air, used once
kBtu per sf a year,
tons of carbon a year, budget 1,650
construction cost, budget $124M
Lab module width, 120 modules 30 feet deep
RunModuleHoodsACHcfmEUITonsCost
Red pen marks waste. Teal ink marks supply. Highlighter marks people.Book 1, page 4

A day in the building, 7 a.m. to 11 p.m.

Air is only half the waste. A lab that's empty at 3 p.m. is still paid for. Scrub the day, then change the stacking and watch the red hatching leave.

3The Dean and the Provost don't argue about cfm. They argue about who gets which floor. We drew that fight as a question of hours, so a change in the stacking reads as more people in more rooms, and no department has to lose a vote to get there.
3 p.m.
7a11a3p7p11p

room hours empty today, of
of the building's day spent empty
students in the building right now
researchers in the building right now

Then we build it, bottom up, and write everything down.

Results from three earlier experiments.

Every science building we finish gets measured a year later, and we publish the miss. Here's what we predicted and what the meters said.

4Architects show photographs. Scientists don't trust photographs. A table of predicted against measured, with the misses in red pen and the reason beside them, does more for this firm in front of this faculty than any rendering could.

Who's at the bench, and when.

Six named people, all on staff. Pick a phase and see how much of each person Bellwick gets.

Fifty-six months to first class.

Bellwick can stop at any gate. A gate is a signed drawing set, an updated cost, and a rerun of the air model with the meters we'd promise.

5The gates exist for procurement and for nerves. Each one is a clean exit, and that's what lets a provost say yes in December to a building that won't open until 2031.
Thole Ansty for BellwickBook 1, page 9

Five people have to read this and initial it.

A notebook page isn't finished until someone else has read it. Each of you gets a page with your question, our answer and something to test it with.

6Lab notebooks have a witness line at the foot of the page. We borrowed it for the signers. Five readers each find their own page, test the answer with their own tool, and initial it. By the last page the committee has already agreed to most of the deal, one line at a time.

Marguerite, Provost

Will this hold the science enrollment we've told the trustees to expect?

Yes, and the way it does it is scheduling. Shared labs run 12 sections a week against 8 when a department holds the key, so the same room serves half again as many students.

Read and understood by

Dominic, VP Facilities

What does this cost me after the ribbon's cut?

Run B saves $187,531 a year in energy at today's rates, and costs $5.35M less to build than the campus standard. Pick your escalator and see forty years of it.

Read and understood by

Yusra, Dean of Science

When a chemist leaves and a biologist arrives, how long is that lab dark?

Services drop from an overhead carrier and benches roll. Hoods are the only fixed thing, and they sit in shared alcoves on the corridor side. Pick a turnover.

Read and understood by

Paolo, Faculty Chair

Will my colleagues be asked, or just told?

Fourteen sessions before the drawings freeze, a full-size mock-up lab on Quarry Lawn you can break, and a published list of what each group decides. Pick your group.

Read and understood by

Ines, Campus Sustainability Lead

Does this building fit inside the 2040 pledge, counting what it took to build?

It does at Run B, and it doesn't at Run A. Your thirty-year budget for this building is 60,000 tons. Change the structure, the heating and the grid.

Read and understood by

Run A and Run B. Ink is thirty years of running, highlighter is what it took to build.

Fees by phase. Every line can come out.

Check or strike any line. A struck line stays on the page with what changes written beside it, the way a correction should.

7A single line through a wrong entry is the rule in a lab notebook, so nothing gets erased. Procurement sees what was cut and what it costs them, and the base stays the same whichever lines they keep. The recommendation is said in words with no badge on it.
of the $120.63M Run B construction cost

We'd keep every line. If the committee needs one out, strike the interiors first, since Bellwick's own planners know that work. Keep the air study and the first-year tune. Those two are how the hypothesis gets proved.

Terms in plain language, and what we don't know yet.

How we bill

Monthly, against percent complete in each phase, net 30. Nothing's billed past a gate until you sign that gate.

Who owns the drawings

Bellwick does, once they're paid for. You can hand them to another firm at any gate.

If cost runs over

If bids come in more than 8 percent over the $124M budget, we redesign to budget at no extra fee.

The energy number

The first-year tune holds $105,000 of fee until the meters read within 10 percent of the model, or we've found out why.

Changes to the fee

The fee's fixed by line. A change in program over 5 percent of gross area reopens the affected phases, in writing, before work starts.

Insurance and licensing

Professional liability of $10M per claim. Licensed in the state, engineers of record on staff.

Open question. Your safety office hasn't ruled on 6 air changes for chemistry. If they hold at 8, Run B's air rises to 60,480 cfm. Construction still clears $124M, but carbon runs 108 tons a year over, and we'd have to find that elsewhere.

Open question. Do chemists accept shared hood alcoves at 3 people per hood? We'll test that on the mock-up, in front of them, in spring 2027.

Open question. Where does Anvers Hall's research go in 2031 and 2032? Decanting isn't in this fee because the answer may be that nothing moves until the new building opens.

8A leave-behind that admits three open questions reads as more serious than one with none. All three are things a sharp faculty member would raise at the next committee meeting anyway, and now they'll raise them with our answer in hand.

Witnessed and signed.

The last page of the book. Your initials from the earlier pages carry over here.

Nell, Principal in Charge, Thole Ansty ArchitectsNell
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Entry TA-2611-BU, valid through March 31, 2027Book 1, last page